docs.nlr.gov/docs/fy05osti/37322.pdf

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PV FAQs: 太陽光発電のエネルギー回収期間について

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This document explains the energy payback period for photovoltaic (PV) systems. PV generates electricity without emitting pollutants or greenhouse gases and does not use finite fossil fuel resources. However, energy is required to manufacture PV systems, and the time taken to recover this energy is referred to as the 'energy payback period.' For recent technology, the payback period for multicrystalline silicon modules is approximately 4 years, while for thin-film modules, it is about 3 years. The document also highlights that the energy used in the fabrication of PV systems is comparable to that of fossil fuel energy production, debunking the myth that PV cannot recover its energy investment.